Benefits of Infrared Light Therapy Devices: A Comprehensive Evidence-Based Guide
UPDATED DECEMBER 19, 2025
Infrared light therapy devices have emerged as a popular non-invasive treatment modality for various health and wellness applications. From supporting skin health to aiding in pain management, these devices are increasingly utilized in both clinical medical settings and home wellness routines. This comprehensive guide explores the evidence-based benefits of infrared light therapy devices, their mechanisms of action, and practical applications based on current scientific literature.
Understanding Infrared Light Therapy
Infrared light therapy utilizes specific wavelengths of light in the infrared spectrum (typically between 700-1000 nanometers) to penetrate the skin and underlying tissues. Unlike ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which can cause cellular damage and increase skin cancer risk, infrared light operates at longer wavelengths and is generally considered safe for therapeutic applications when used according to manufacturer guidelines.[1]
How Does Infrared Light Therapy Work?
Infrared light therapy devices emit electromagnetic radiation in the infrared spectrum that is absorbed by chromophores in the skin and underlying tissues, particularly cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria. This absorption process may stimulate several biological responses:
Photobiomodulation: The interaction between infrared light and cellular components may enhance mitochondrial function and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, which serves as the primary energy currency for cellular processes.[2]
Circulatory Effects: Studies suggest infrared light exposure may promote vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), potentially increasing blood flow to treated areas.[3]
Anti-Inflammatory Response: Research indicates infrared light therapy may modulate inflammatory pathways by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory mediators.[4]
Cellular Proliferation: Some evidence suggests infrared light exposure may stimulate fibroblast activity and collagen synthesis, supporting tissue repair processes.[5]
It's important to note that while these mechanisms are supported by preliminary research, the exact pathways and clinical significance continue to be investigated by the scientific community.
Evidence-Based Health Benefits of Infrared Light Therapy
1. Pain Management Support
Infrared light therapy has been studied as an adjunctive approach for various pain conditions, with mixed but generally promising results:
Chronic Pain Conditions: A systematic review published in the journal Pain Research and Management found that low-level laser therapy (including infrared wavelengths) may provide short-term pain relief for chronic musculoskeletal conditions, though the authors noted methodological limitations in many studies.[6]
Arthritis: Research published in Rheumatology International suggested infrared therapy may provide modest improvements in pain and stiffness for individuals with knee osteoarthritis, though effects varied among participants.[7]
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A randomized controlled trial in the Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery indicated infrared light therapy may help reduce pain associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.[8]
Important Considerations: While these studies show promise, infrared light therapy should be viewed as a complementary approach rather than a replacement for established pain management protocols. Individual responses vary, and not all research has shown consistent benefits.
2. Skin Health and Dermatological Applications
The dermatological applications of infrared and near-infrared light therapy have been extensively researched:
Photoaging and Wrinkle Reduction: A study published in Photomedicine and Laser Surgery found that infrared light exposure over several weeks was associated with improvements in skin texture and reduction in fine lines, potentially through stimulation of collagen synthesis.[9]
Acne Vulgaris: Research in the British Journal of Dermatology indicated that combined blue-red light therapy (which includes near-infrared wavelengths) may help reduce inflammatory acne lesions, though results varied among participants.[10]
Skin Texture and Tone: A controlled trial published in Dermatologic Surgery reported improvements in skin complexion and texture following a series of infrared light treatments, with effects attributed to increased collagen density.[11]
Psoriasis: Some preliminary studies suggest infrared light therapy may provide symptom relief for certain inflammatory skin conditions, though more robust research is needed.[12]
Limitations: Results in dermatological applications can be modest and require consistent treatment protocols. Individual skin types and conditions respond differently to light therapy interventions.
3. Wound Healing Support
Research into infrared light therapy's effects on wound healing has shown encouraging but preliminary results:
Tissue Repair Mechanisms: Studies published in Wound Repair and Regeneration suggest that photobiomodulation may accelerate wound closure rates by promoting fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation).[13]
Diabetic Wounds: Research in populations with diabetes has shown mixed results, with some studies indicating modest improvements in healing rates for chronic wounds when infrared therapy is used as an adjunct to standard wound care.[14]
Post-Surgical Recovery: Limited evidence suggests infrared light therapy may support tissue recovery following surgical procedures, though high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed.[15]
Clinical Context: Wound healing applications should always be discussed with healthcare providers, as infrared therapy is intended as a complementary approach to standard wound care protocols, not a replacement.
4. Circulatory System Support
Several studies have investigated infrared therapy's effects on circulation:
Peripheral Blood Flow: Research using laser Doppler flowmetry has demonstrated that infrared light exposure may temporarily increase microcirculatory blood flow in treated areas.[16]
Cardiovascular Health: Preliminary studies in populations with cardiovascular risk factors suggest repeated infrared sauna exposure (a different modality delivering infrared heat) may support cardiovascular function, though direct application of infrared light devices requires more research.[17]
Exercise Recovery: Some athletic research suggests infrared therapy may support recovery markers following intense exercise, potentially through enhanced circulation and reduced inflammation.[18]
5. Additional Investigated Applications
Emerging research is exploring infrared light therapy for various other applications:
Neuropathic Pain: Small studies suggest potential benefits for certain neuropathic pain conditions, though larger trials are needed.[19]
Muscle Recovery: Preliminary evidence indicates infrared therapy may support muscle recovery following exercise-induced damage.[20]
Seasonal Affective Disorder: Limited research has investigated infrared and near-infrared light for mood support, with inconsistent findings.[21]
Thyroid Function: Some studies have explored infrared therapy for thyroid conditions, though evidence remains very preliminary and requires substantiation.[22]
Infrared Light Therapy for Home Use
Advantages of Home-Based Devices
Convenience and Accessibility: Home infrared therapy devices allow individuals to incorporate treatments into their daily routines without requiring clinical visits, potentially improving treatment adherence.
Privacy: Home use provides privacy for treatments that individuals might prefer to conduct in their personal space.
Long-Term Cost Considerations: While professional infrared therapy sessions may cost $50-150 per visit, home devices typically range from $100-2,000 depending on specifications, potentially offering cost savings for long-term users.
Types of Home Infrared Devices
LED Panels: These devices use arrays of light-emitting diodes to deliver infrared and near-infrared light to larger treatment areas. They typically offer wavelengths between 660-850nm.
Handheld Devices: Portable units designed for targeted treatment of specific body areas, often used for pain management or skin applications.
Infrared Wands: Focused devices for facial treatments and small treatment areas.
Combination Devices: Some units combine red and near-infrared wavelengths to target different tissue depths.
Selecting a Home Device
When considering a home infrared light therapy device, evaluate the following factors:
Wavelength Specifications: Look for devices that clearly specify their wavelength output. Research supports wavelengths in the 700-850nm range for deep tissue penetration and 630-680nm for superficial tissue and skin applications.
Power Density: The irradiance (measured in mW/cm²) affects treatment depth and duration. Higher quality devices typically specify this metric.
Treatment Area: Consider whether you need full-body panels, targeted devices, or handheld units based on your intended applications.
Safety Certifications: Look for FDA registration (though note that registration doesn't constitute FDA approval of medical claims) and appropriate safety certifications.
Manufacturer Reputation: Research company background, customer service, and warranty offerings.
Medical-Grade vs. Consumer Devices
Medical-Grade Devices
Medical-grade infrared light therapy devices are typically:
- Higher power output for deeper tissue penetration
- Subject to more stringent regulatory requirements
- Often used in clinical settings under professional supervision
- More expensive but may offer more precise specifications
Consumer-Grade Devices
Consumer devices are:
- Generally lower power output designed for safe home use
- Less expensive and more accessible
- Suitable for general wellness applications
- May require longer treatment times to achieve similar dosing
Healthcare providers can help determine whether medical-grade professional treatment or consumer-grade home devices are more appropriate for specific health goals.
Safety Considerations and Precautions
While infrared light therapy is generally considered safe when used appropriately, certain precautions should be observed:
General Safety Guidelines
Eye Protection: Although infrared light is less damaging than UV radiation, prolonged direct eye exposure should be avoided. Some manufacturers recommend protective eyewear.
Skin Sensitivity: Individuals with photosensitivity conditions or those taking photosensitizing medications should consult healthcare providers before use.
Heat Sensation: Some infrared devices generate heat. Monitor skin for excessive warmth and discontinue if discomfort occurs.
Treatment Duration: Follow manufacturer guidelines regarding session length and frequency. More is not necessarily better, and excessive use has not been shown to improve outcomes.
Contraindications and Special Populations
Consult with qualified healthcare professionals before using infrared light therapy if you:
- Are pregnant or nursing
- Have active cancer or history of malignancy
- Have thyroid conditions
- Are taking photosensitizing medications
- Have bleeding disorders
- Have implanted electronic devices (pacemakers, insulin pumps)
- Have active infections in treatment areas
- Have epilepsy or seizure disorders
Regulatory Status
In the United States, many infrared light therapy devices are registered with the FDA as Class II medical devices for specific indications such as temporary pain relief and increased circulation. However, FDA registration does not constitute approval of all marketing claims, and many wellness applications lack robust regulatory clearance.
Consumers should be aware that marketing claims may exceed the evidence base and regulatory clearances for specific devices.
Practical Implementation Guidelines
Treatment Protocols
Research-supported protocols typically involve:
Frequency: 3-5 sessions per week for most applications Duration: 10-20 minutes per treatment area Distance: Follow manufacturer specifications, typically 6-12 inches from treatment area Consistency: Regular use over several weeks to months for optimal results
Realistic Expectations
It's important to maintain realistic expectations regarding infrared light therapy outcomes:
- Benefits are typically modest and cumulative
- Individual responses vary significantly
- Effects may take weeks to months to become apparent
- Some individuals may not experience noticeable benefits
- Infrared therapy should complement, not replace, established medical treatments
Integration with Comprehensive Wellness
Infrared light therapy is most effective when integrated into a comprehensive approach to health:
- Proper nutrition and hydration
- Regular physical activity
- Adequate sleep and stress management
- Appropriate medical care for existing conditions
- Evidence-based treatments for specific health concerns
Current Research Limitations and Future Directions
Research Gaps
Current infrared light therapy research faces several limitations:
Methodological Challenges: Many studies have small sample sizes, lack proper control groups, or have short follow-up periods.[23]
Standardization Issues: Significant variability in device parameters (wavelength, power density, treatment duration) makes comparing studies difficult.[24]
Placebo Effects: The placebo response in pain and wellness applications can be substantial, making it challenging to isolate therapy-specific effects.[25]
Publication Bias: Positive results may be more likely to be published than null findings, potentially skewing the literature.[26]
Promising Research Directions
Ongoing research is investigating:
- Optimal dosing parameters for different conditions
- Combination therapies with other modalities
- Specific wavelength effects on different tissue types
- Long-term efficacy and safety profiles
- Mechanisms of action at cellular and molecular levels
- Applications in neurodegenerative conditions
- Sports performance and recovery optimization
Conclusion
Infrared light therapy devices represent a promising non-invasive approach for supporting various aspects of health and wellness. Current evidence suggests potential benefits for pain management, skin health, wound healing support, and circulatory function, though effects are typically modest and individual responses vary considerably.
For individuals considering infrared light therapy, it's essential to:
- Maintain realistic expectations based on current evidence
- Choose quality devices with appropriate specifications
- Follow safety guidelines and manufacturer instructions
- Use therapy as a complement to, not replacement for, conventional medical care
- Consult healthcare professionals, especially when addressing specific medical conditions
As research continues to evolve, our understanding of infrared light therapy's mechanisms, optimal applications, and clinical utility will likely expand. Current evidence supports careful, informed use of these devices as part of a comprehensive approach to wellness, while acknowledging the need for continued high-quality research to substantiate specific claims and applications.
References
[1] Hamblin, M. R. (2016). Shining light on the head: Photobiomodulation for brain disorders. BBA Clinical, 6, 113-124.
[2] Karu, T. (1999). Primary and secondary mechanisms of action of visible to near-IR radiation on cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 49(1), 1-17.
[3] Schroeder, P., et al. (2008). Infrared radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinase in human skin: implications for protection. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 128(10), 2491-2497.
[4] Avci, P., et al. (2013). Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in skin: stimulating, healing, restoring. Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 32(1), 41-52.
[5] Mester, E., et al. (1985). The biomedical effects of laser application. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 5(1), 31-39.
[6] Bjordal, J. M., et al. (2003). A systematic review of low level laser therapy with location-specific doses for pain from chronic joint disorders. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 49(2), 107-116.
[7] Hegedus, B., et al. (2009). The effect of low-level laser in knee osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 27(4), 577-584.
[8] Mazzetto, M. O., et al. (2007). Low intensity laser application in temporomandibular disorders: a phase I double-blind study. Cranio, 25(3), 186-192.
[9] Lee, S. Y., et al. (2006). A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and split-face clinical study on LED phototherapy for skin rejuvenation. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 142, 85-93.
[10] Papageorgiou, P., et al. (2000). Phototherapy with blue (415 nm) and red (660 nm) light in the treatment of acne vulgaris. British Journal of Dermatology, 142(5), 973-978.
[11] Russell, B. A., et al. (2005). A study to determine the efficacy of combination LED light therapy for facial rejuvenation. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 7(3-4), 196-200.
[12] Ablon, G. (2010). Combination 830-nm and 633-nm light-emitting diode phototherapy shows promise in the treatment of recalcitrant psoriasis. Dermatologic Surgery, 36(7), 1-3.
[13] Posten, W., et al. (2005). Low-level laser therapy for wound healing: mechanism and efficacy. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(3), 334-340.
[14] Minatel, D. G., et al. (2009). Phototherapy promotes healing of chronic diabetic leg ulcers that failed to respond to other therapies. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 41(6), 433-441.
[15] Hopkins, J. T., et al. (2004). Low-level laser therapy facilitates superficial wound healing in humans. Journal of Athletic Training, 39(3), 223-229.
[16] Ihsan, F. R. (2005). Low-level laser therapy accelerates collateral circulation and enhances microcirculation. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 23(3), 289-294.
[17] Beever, R. (2009). Far-infrared saunas for treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. Canadian Family Physician, 55(7), 691-696.
[18] Leal Junior, E. C., et al. (2011). Effect of phototherapy on recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage. Lasers in Medical Science, 26(1), 125-131.
[19] Chow, R. T., et al. (2011). Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 374(9705), 1897-1908.
[20] Ferraresi, C., et al. (2012). Muscular pre-conditioning using light-emitting diode therapy reduces muscle damage. Journal of Athletic Training, 46(6), 617-623.
[21] Lieverse, R., et al. (2011). Bright light treatment in elderly patients with nonseasonal major depressive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(1), 61-70.
[22] Höfling, D. B., et al. (2013). Low-level laser in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism induced by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers in Medical Science, 28(3), 743-753.
[23] Tumilty, S., et al. (2010). Low level laser treatment of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 28(1), 3-16.
[24] Jenkins, P. A., & Carroll, J. D. (2011). How to report low-level laser therapy (LLLT)/photomedicine dose and beam parameters in clinical and laboratory studies. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 29(12), 785-787.
[25] Fulop, A. M., et al. (2010). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of laser phototherapy on pain relief. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 26(8), 729-736.
[26] Huang, Y. Y., et al. (2009). Biphasic dose response in low level light therapy. Dose-Response, 7(4), 358-383.
Medical Disclaimer
This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information presented should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment, and before undertaking a new healthcare regimen.
The statements made regarding infrared light therapy devices have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration for all mentioned applications. These devices are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease except where specifically cleared by regulatory authorities for particular indications.
Individual results may vary significantly. The research presented represents current scientific understanding, which continues to evolve. Not all individuals will experience the benefits described, and some applications have limited or preliminary evidence supporting their use.
Consult with qualified healthcare professionals before:
- Starting any new treatment protocol
- Using infrared light therapy if you have underlying medical conditions
- Discontinuing or modifying existing medical treatments
- Using these devices during pregnancy or while nursing
- Applying infrared therapy to areas with active cancer or suspicious lesions
The authors and publishers disclaim any liability for adverse effects resulting from the use or application of the information contained in this article. Users assume full responsibility for the safe and appropriate use of infrared light therapy devices and should carefully follow manufacturer instructions and safety guidelines.
This article presents peer-reviewed research, but readers should independently verify information and understand that scientific consensus may change as new evidence emerges. The inclusion of research citations does not constitute endorsement of all manufacturer claims for specific devices or guarantee results for any individual user.
